The Hebrew Kingdoms
Read pages 18-20 on the linked textbook to prepare for class on October 6! Link to online textbook: http://nsms6thgradesocialstudies.weebly.com/textbook.html
Link to Hebrew Kingdoms Unit: http://nsms6thgradesocialstudies.weebly.com/uploads/3/7/2/4/37241339/chapter_10_-_the_hebrew_kingdoms.pdf
UPCOMING: 10/10 Judaism vocabulary quiz! 10/12 End of Egypt Unit Test! Above is the family tree of Abram (or Abraham) that we have talked about. The numbers next to each of the 12 sons indicate which birth order they are.
Vocabulary terms for the chapter on The Hebrew Kingdoms:
Abraham: shepherd who became the father of the Hebrew people monotheism: belief in one God Judaism: monotheistic religion of the Jews, based on the writings of the Hebrew Bible Moses: according to the Hebrew Bible, the prophet who led the Israelites from Egypt Exodus: migration of the Israelites from Egypt Ten Commandments: basis of the law of the Israelites; according to the Torah, given by God to Moses Torah: first five books of the Hebrew Bible: Genesis, Exodus, Leviticus, Numbers, and Deuteronomy covenant: binding agreement Western civilization: culture of Europe and North America David: king of the Israelites who won control of Jerusalem in 1000 BC Solomon: David's son, who became the third king of Israel about 962 B.C. Babylonian Captivity: 50 year period in which the Israelites were exiled from Judah and held in Babylon Messiah: Hebrew word that means an "anointed one" charged with some task or leadership prophets: Spiritual leaders who were thought to have special ability to interpret God’s word or people who heard God’s voice and told the people what they heard Zealots: group of Jews who led a rebellion against Roman authority Masada: Jewish fortress overlooking the Dead Sea in Israel Diaspora: movement of the Jews to other parts of the world rabbis: Jewish leaders and teachers synagogues: places for Jewish prayer and worship |
GEOGRAPHY:
Above is a map of Israel at the time that the Israelites repossessed Canaan, the "Promised Land" after being freed from slavery in Egypt. Babylonian Exile WRITTEN BY: The Editors of Encyclopædia Britannica LAST UPDATED: 2-26-2016 Babylonian Exile, also called Babylonian Captivity, the forced detention of Jews in Babylonia following the latter’s conquest of the kingdom of Judah in 598/7 and 587/6 bce. The exile formally ended in 538 bce, when the Persian conqueror of Babylonia, Cyrus the Great, gave the Jews permission to return to Palestine. Historians agree that several deportations took place (each the result of uprisings in Palestine), that not all Jews were forced to leave their homeland, that returning Jews left Babylonia at various times, and that some Jews chose to remain in Babylonia—thus constituting the first of numerous Jewish communities living permanently in the Diaspora. Many scholars cite 597 bce as the date of the first deportation, for in that year King Jehoiachin was deposed and apparently sent into exile with his family, his court, and thousands of workers. Others say the first deportation followed the destruction of Jerusalem by Nebuchadrezzar in 586; if so, the Jews were held in Babylonian captivity for 48 years. Among those who accept a tradition (Jeremiah 29:10) that the exile lasted 70 years, some choose the dates 608 to 538, others 586 to about 516 (the year when the rebuilt Templewas dedicated in Jerusalem). Although the Jews suffered greatly and faced powerful cultural pressures in a foreign land, they maintained their national spirit and religious identity. Elders supervised the Jewish communities, and Ezekiel was one of several prophets who kept alive the hope of one day returning home. This was possibly also the period when synagogues were first established, for the Jews observed the Sabbath and religious holidays, practiced circumcision, and substituted prayers for former ritual sacrifices in the Temple. The degree to which the Jews looked upon Cyrus the Great as their benefactor and a servant of their God is reflected at several points in the Hebrew Bible—e.g., at Isaiah 45:1–3, where he is actually called God’s anointed. taken from (https://www.britannica.com/event/Babylonian-Exile) Comparing early religions: Judaism: monotheistic (only one God), reads the Hebrew Bible, including the Torah. Their clergy are rabbis. Basic beliefs are: there is only one God and God holds people accountable for their behavior/actions. Religion of Ancient Sumer: polytheistic, many gods, including Enlil, the god of storms and air. Their important book was the Epic of Gilgamesh. Their clergy were priests and priestesses. Their basic beliefs were that people were the gods'servants, so they tried to satisfy the gods and Sumerians expected little help from the gods. Religion of Ancient Egypt: polytheistic-many gods, including Osiris, the god of the dead. Their important book is the Book of the Dead. Their clergy were priests. Their basic beliefs were that Pharaohs, Egypt's kings, were gods and in the afterlife, a life that continued after death, the gods would judge people's deeds. |